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Note: Representation of female physicians in medicine continues to show steady increases. In 1980, women comprised 11.6% of the physician force, but by 2006, they accounted for 27.8% of the total physician population.
| Year | Total | Male | Female |
| 1970 | 334,028 | 308,627 (92.4%) | 25,401 (7.6%) |
| 1980 | 467,679 | 413,395 (88.4%) | 54,284 (11.6%) |
| 1990 | 615,421 | 511,227 ( 83.1%) | 104,194 (16.9%) |
| 2000 | 813,869 | 618,233 (76%) | 195,537 (24%) |
| 2002 | 853,187 | 638,182 (74.8%) | 215,005 (25.2%) |
| 2003 | 871,535 | 646,493 (74.2%) | 225,042 (25.8%) |
| 2006 | 921,904 | 665,647 (72.2%) | 256,257 (27.8%) |
Source: Physician Characteristics and Distribution in the U.S., 2008 Edition and prior editions. American Medical Association.